Drug Testing
Opioids are one of the most addictive drug with sedative and analgesic effects, which depress the central nervous system. According to the report TEDS, opiates are the main substance of abuse accounted for almost one fifth (19 percent) of all admissions to substance abuse treatment in 2007. Some common opioids are morphine, codeine and heroin, from which heroin is the main illegal drug. According to NSDUH, there were about 114,000 people 12 years or more who used heroin for the first time in the last 12 months in 2008.
Opiates is one of five groups called metabolite SAMHSA-5 which can be determined by the place work for drug testing under the guidance of SAMHSA. The opiate drug tests detect the presence of codeine, morphine, and 6-acetyl morphine. The presence of 6-acetyl morphine shows the recent heroin abuse.
Drug testing in urine:
Urine test is a common method of detection of opiates and its metabolites in urine samples. Morphine can be detected in urine for 2 days codaine 2 to 3 days and heroin from 3 to 4 days. The concentration of cutting for the initial test for metabolites of opiates is 2000ng/mL. The cut off level confirmation of morphine and codeine are 2000ng/mL and 10 ng / ml of 6-acetylmorphine.
Drug Testing Hair:
Many of opiates can be detected by hair testing. Hair tests require a sample of hair around 90 to 120 chapters. The standard hair screen uses the most recent 1.5 inches of growth for testing. Hair tests detect substance abuse over a long period. Morphine, codeine and heroin can be detected up to 90 days by hair testing. The initial cutoff level for opiate metabolites is 200 pg / mg cutoff and confirmation will also be 200 pg / mg.
Saliva drug testing:
Tests saliva are easier to administer and adulteration of the sample can be avoided. Morphine and heroin can be detected in saliva from 1 to 2 days and codeine for 2 to 3 days. The first cut-off concentration level for opiate metabolites is 40ng/mL. The cutoff level for confirmatory test for morphine and codeine are 40ng/mL each and 4 ng / mL for 6-acetylmorphine.
Opioid abuse remains a serious threat to public health. The above information certainly will help to understand the different methods of drug testing for opiates and choose the best to detect this harmful drug without much hassle.
About the Author:
Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – Know About Opiate Drug Testing
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